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Table 2 LOS in hours and days (rounded to integers), treatments and complications for the full sample, non-ICU patients, non-mechanically ventilated ICU patients and mechanically ventilated ICU patients

From: Mechanical ventilation as a major driver of COVID-19 hospitalization costs: a costing study in a German setting

 

Full sample

(N = 1,108)

Non-ICU patients (N = 598)

Non-mechanically ventilated ICU patients (N = 124)

Mechanically ventilated ICU patients (N = 386)

Total costs per patient in euros

(mean, median, [Q1-Q3])

14,655.05, 5,103.05 [2,686.20;

12,076.57]

4036.39, 3,009.75 [2,223.93;

5,272.72]

8118.03, 5,887.36 [3,053.67; 10,879.12]

33,205.70, 21,535.83 [7,503.64;

43,480.46]

Total LOS per patient in hours/days (mean, median, [Q1-Q3])

319, 216 [120;384], 13, 9 [5;16]

195, 168 [72;240], 8, 7 [3;10]

373, 264 [144;516], 16, 11 [6;22]

492, 360 [216;648], 21, 15 [9;27]

General ward LOS in hours/days (mean, median, [Q1-Q3])

173, 120 [24;219], 7, 5 [1;9]

195, 168 [72;240], 8, 7 [3;10]

297, 178 [74;390], 12, 7 [3;16]

100, 12 [1;133], 4, 1 [0;6]

ICU LOS in hours/days (mean, median, [Q1-Q3])

146, 0 [0;167], 6, 0 [0;7]

NA

76, 50 [24;95], 3, 2 [1;4]

394, 269 [135;532], 16, 11 [6;22]

Non mechanical ventilation ICU stay in hours/days (mean, median, [Q1-Q3])

53, 0 [0;59], 2, 0 [0;2]

NA

76, 50 [24;95], 3, 2 [1;4]

127, 76 [11;184], 5, 3 [0;8]

Duration of mechanical ventilation in hours/days (mean, median, [Q1-Q3])

93, 0 [0;12], 4, 0 [0;1]

NA

NA

267, 135 [10;375], 11, 6 [0;16]

ECMO duration in hours/days (mean, median, [Q1-Q3])

24, 0 [0;0], 1, 0 [0;0]

NA

NA

1654, 0 [0;0], 69, 0 [0;0]

Dialysis (%)

6.23

 ≤ 1.67a

 ≤ 8.06a

15.03

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (%)

2.08

 ≤ 1.67a

 ≤ 8.06a

4.66

Myocardial infarction (%)

0.99

 ≤ 1.67a

 ≤ 8.06a

 ≤ 2.59a

Stroke (%)

 ≤ 0.90a

 ≤ 1.67a

 ≤ 8.06a

 ≤ 2.59a

Pulmonary embolism (%)

 ≤ 0.90a

 ≤ 1.67a

 ≤ 8.06a

 ≤ 2.59a

Intra cerebral bleeding (%)

 ≤ 0.90a

 ≤ 1.67a

 ≤ 8.06a

 ≤ 2.59a

Embolism/thrombosis (%)

 ≤ 0.90a

 ≤ 1.67a

 ≤ 8.06a

 ≤ 2.59a

Mortality (%)

21.39

7.36

12.10

46.11

  1. ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ICU Intensive Care Unit, N number of subjects, LOS length of stay, Q1 first quartile, Q3 third quartile
  2. aTen or less patients, censored for privacy