Fig. 2

UHC index by culture zone. Note: The UHC index was calculated using data from the WHO, WDI, and UN databases (see Table 1). The vertical axis represents the UHC index, whilst the horizontal axis represents the number of countries belonging to a specific culture zone. Period 1 refers to the first wave/year in which a country was surveyed, and Period 2 refers to the latest wave/year. Refer to Appendix 2 for the list of countries and their respective culture zone